Error 500.19 When Setting Windows Authentication for an Application via Web.config

A developer reported that he was trying to enable Windows Authentication for his application via web.config but was receiving a 500.19 error when accessing it. After some investigation it was determined that the issue was due to the IIS server not being configured to allow for Read/Write overwrites for Windows and Anonymous Authentication. To enable this feature select the server in IIS, select 'Feature Delegation', and mark Authentication - Anonymous and Authentication - Windows as Read/Write. The default value for this feature is Read, which results in a 500.19 error since the application can't reconfigure authentication for the server.